知识点
1. in front of 在物体外部的前面例: There are some trees in front of the building.
反义词behind 在这个楼前有一些树。
in the front of 在物体内部的前面例: There is a desk in the front of the classroom.
反义词behind 或at the back of 在教室的前部有一张书桌。
2. next to 靠近,几乎
例: She sat next to her mother. 她坐在她妈妈的旁边。
It ’ s next to impossible to win the game. 要赢那场比赛几乎不可能。
3. cross,across 和through(都有穿越,穿过的意思,用法不同)
① cross 是动词例:I want to cross that street soon. 我想迅速穿过那条大街。
② across 是副词,指从一个平面的一端到另一端, 如:海的一端到另一端,across the ocean,
③ through 是副词,强调在三维立体的内部穿过.还有抽象的意义,如度过了某段时间等。
如: through the tunnel 穿过隧道
4. 问路的几个表达方法
①How can I get to the + 你想去的地点
②Where is the + 你想去的地点
③Can you tell me the way to the+ 你想去的地点
5. 巧记时间名词前的介词的用法
年月周前要用in,日子前面却不行。遇到几号要用on,上午下午又是in。要说某日上下午,用on
换in 才能行。正午夜晚用at,黎明用它也不错。at 也在钟点前,说“差”用to,past表示“过”。
6. 巧记地点名词前介词的用法:
里面、上面in 和on,over,under 上下方, in front of 前, behind后,at 是在某点上。来自from,
朝前to,里面穿过是through,表面穿过across,到上面onto进into。在旁边beside,附近near。
7. from?to ?从,, 到,,
①表示时间例: I have classes from 9:00 to 11:30. 我从9 点到11:30 上课。
②表示地点例: They flew from Beijing to Shanghai. 他们从北京飞到上海。
8. beside,by,near 的用法(都有“在,, 旁边”的意思,也可互相换用)
beside多用于表达靠近人 例:I ’m standing beside y我o正u.站在你旁边。
by 多用于表达靠近物 例:There is a tree by the river河. 边有棵树。
near 表达的距离通常比 beside和 by要远些 例:There is a river near my house在. 我家附近有
条河。
9. get home 到家注: get to 为“到,, ”后接home,here,there 等地点副词时省略to
go home 回家注:同样home 为副词省略to
10. house,home,family 的区别(都表示家,但所指不同)
house房子,指居住的建筑物例: His house is not far from here.他的住所离这不远。
home 指某人出生和居住的环境例:He goes home very late。他回家很晚。
family 家庭或家庭成员例:My family lives in Tianjin. 我家在天津住。(家庭,做单数)
例: My family are watching TV.我的家人在看电视。(家庭成员,做复数)
11. There be 句型(表示“在,, 有,, ” )
基本结构: There is/are + 某人/某物(主语) + 某地/某时(地点状语/时间状语)
注意: is 和are 要和后面主语保持一致,即: There is + 单数可数名词或不可数名词
There are + 复数可数名词
例: There is a book on the desk. 在书桌上有一本书。
There is some water in the glass. 在杯子里有一些水。
There are some birds in the tree. 在树上有些鸟。
另外要注意:当句子中出现几个并列的主语时, be 动词要与靠近的主语的数上保持一致
区别这两个句子: There is a girl and some boys in the classroom.
There are some boys and a girl in the classroom.
12. There be 句型拓展( 时态的变化)
① 一般现在时There is /There are
② 一般将来时There will be 和There is going to be(单数) / There are going to be(复数)
例: There will be a birthday party this evening. 今晚将有个生日宴会。
There is going to be a birthday party this evening. 今晚将有个生日宴会。
There are going to be two meetings this afternoon. 今天下午将有两个会议。
There will be
否定形式是There won’t be ?
一般疑问句是 Will there be ??回 答 Yes, there will. / No, there won ’t.
另: There is going to be/ There are going to be
否定形式是There isn ’t going to be ?/ There aren ’t going to be ?
一般疑问句是Is there going to be ?? / Are there going to be ??
回答 Yes, there is. / No, there isn Y’est,. there are. / No, there aren ’t.
③ 一般过去时There was (单数) 和There were(复数)
例: There was a birthday party yesterday evening. 昨晚有个生日宴会。
There were two meetings yesterday afternoon昨. 天下午有两个会议。
There was/There were
另: 否定形式是There wasn’t ? /There weren ’t ?
一般疑问句是 Was there?? / Were there ?回? 答 Yes, there was./ No, there weren ’t.
13. few,a few, little, a little 的用法与区别
① a few 和few + 可数名词,
a little 和little + 不可数名词
② a few 和a little 为肯定含义,意为“一点,几个,少量, 几乎没有” 。
few 和little 为否定含义,意为“很少,几乎没有” 。
例: He has a few friends. 他有几个朋友。
He has few friends. 他几乎没有朋友。
We have a little time. 我们还有点时间。
There is little water in the bottle. 瓶子里没有多少水了。
14. 关于look 的短语
look for 寻找look after 照看,照料look out 小心look out of 朝,, 外看
look around 四处看,到处寻找look like 看上去像,, look through 浏览look into
调查,向,, 里看
look up 仰望,向上看,查阅look down 俯视,向下看,也可意为“看不起,, ”
15. get off “下车” ,反义词为get on “上车”