知识点
短语
1. as well 除„之外,也
2. take care of = look after 照顾,照料
3. two years ago 两年以前
4. tell jokes 讲笑话
5. make fun off=laugh at = make jokes about 嘲弄,取笑
6.make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
7. be good at (doing) sth. = do well in 擅长(做)某事
8. remain friends 仍然是朋友
9. be full of fun be filled with充满乐趣
10. be strict about sth. 对某事要求严格
11. be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格
12. encourage sb to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
13. support sb. to do sth. 支持某人做某事
14. give up doing sth.=stop doing 放弃做某事
15. be successful in doing sth.成功做成某事
16.forget to do忘记做某事
17.keep doing sth. 持续/保持做某事
18. all day and all night夜以继日
19.think of 想到
20. buy sth. for sb. 买东西给某人
21 .find/ take time to do sth= spend time doing sth 花时间做某事
句子讲解
1、 She takes time to help her child.她花时间帮助她的孩子。
(1)take time意为“花时间”,后接动词不定式。 take time to do sth Eg:Take time to check your answers before you hand in your test paper, please. 交卷之前请花点时间检查你的答案。
四花费(spend, pay, cost, take)的用法:
人+spend (spent) +时间/金钱+ on sth./ (in) doing sth.
人+pay(paid) +钱+for+物
物+cost (cost) +sb. +金钱
It takes (took) sb. some time to do sth.
如:I spent 200 yuan on the bag.= I paid 200 yuan for the bag.= I bought the bag for 200 yuan
(2)help sb. (to) do sth.帮助某人做某事= help sb. with sth.在某方面帮助某人
Li Ping helps me learn English. = Li Ping helps me with my English.
help oneself (to) 请自便;请随便吃
with the help of= with one’s help在某人的帮助下
can’t/ couldn’t help doing sth. 忍不住……,禁不住……
2. my grandma was a short woman with hair.
with 介词 “带有” 表伴随状态、特征。后面跟名词、动名词(动词-ing) 反义词:without“没有 ”
3. She was always cheerful.
形容词的用法:形容词修饰名词,放在名词的前面; 修饰be动词、系动词(get, become, appear等)构成系表结构 放在be动词的后面;修饰感官动词(look,smell,taste, sound, feel)放在感官动词的后面 a good cook look beautiful
4、I will never forget the taste, and the smell as well. 我将永远不会忘记那种味道和气味。
(1)as well意为“除……之外,也,还”。,和too的意思相近。
Eg:He knows English, and he knows French as well.他懂英语,还懂法语。
(2) 辨析:as well,also, either
as well常用于口语,多置于肯定句句末。Eg:I can swim too<as well>.
also, 置于动词之前,助动词、be动词之后,常用于句中。Eg:He also wants to go.
either,常用于否定句句尾。Eg:He doesn’t want to go either.他也不想去。
5、 Grandma took care of my family.
(1) take care of= look after= care for(此外,care for还有喜欢的意思) 照顾、爱护
Eg: Nurses take care of patients in hospital.= Nurses look after patients in hospital. 护士在医院照顾病人。
(2)care about 意为“关心,介意” care for 意为“喜欢,为……操心”
Eg:Einstein who cared little for money never cared about his salary. 爱恩斯坦对金钱不感兴趣,他从不在乎薪水多少。
6、 She often tells jokes to make me laugh, but she never makes fun of others.她常常讲笑话,让我哈哈大笑,但她从不取笑人。
(1)tell jokes意为“讲笑话”
tell sb (not) to do sth 告诉某人做(不要做)某事
Eg:Don’t tell jokes in class.上课时不要讲笑话。
(2)make sb. do sth.意为“使某人做某事”。make后直接跟动词的原形(let/have也是此用法)。
make sth + adj. “使……处于某种状态”(此用法还有 leave/keep)
Eg:The teacher made the students do a lot of homework.这个老师让学生做很多的作业。
(3)make fun of意为“嘲弄,取笑”与laugh at 意思相近。 Eg:The older children always make fun of him because of his accent. = The older children always laugh at him because of his accent. 大一些的孩子常常取笑他的口音。
拓展:1、be made of 由什么制成(看得出原材料)eg:The house is made of wood.
2、be made from 由什么制成(看不出原材料)eg: Wine is made from grapes.
3、be made into 把……制成。Eg:Grapes are made into wine.
4、be made in +地方 “产于某地”
7、 I hope we will always remain friends.我希望我们将永远朋友。
(1) hope v. 希望(希望自己) hope to do sth. 希望做某事。不能说:hope sb to do sth
eg. I hope to be a teacher when I grow up. 长大后我想成为一名演员。
hope + that 从句
I hope (that) you’ll deal with the problem as soon as possible. 我希望你尽快解决这个问题
wish sb to do sth 希望某人做某事(希望别人) I wish you to write a letter soon. 我希望你尽快写封信。
(2)remain friends 意为“还是朋友,保持朋友联系”
Eg:You must tell me the truth, if we are to remain friends.如果我们还是朋友的话,你必须告诉我实情。
8、 she is good at Maths
be good at sth/doing sth =do well in sth/doing sth 擅长某事/做某事
9、His classes are always full of fun. 他的课总是充满了欢乐。
(1)be full of=be filled with意为“充满……”
Eg:The bottle is full of milk.这个瓶子里装满了牛奶。
(2)fun n. 乐趣,欢乐; funny adj.好玩的,有趣的,滑稽的,古怪的
Eg:His classes are always funny.他的课总是很有趣。
have fun doing sth 做某事玩得愉快
10、He uses lots of games in his teaching. 他在教学中运用许多游戏。
(1)teaching n.教学 teach v.教 teacher n. 教师 Eg:Linda wants to go into teaching.琳达想从事教学工作。
(2)lots of = a lot of 许多 后既接可数名词复数=many 也接不可数名词=much
(3) in 在此表示“在……方面”
11、 Mr Li is strict about our studies, but he always encourages us and gives us support.李老师对我们的学习要求严格,但他总是鼓励我们,给我们支持。
(1)be strict about/in 对某事要求严格,后面只能接sth.
Eg:Our teachers are always strict about our homework.我们老师对我们的作业要求很严格。
(2)be strict with 对某人要求严格,后面只能接人
Eg:He is very strict with his students.他对学生非常严格。 My father is always strict in behavior with me.我爸爸对我的行为举止要求很严格。
(3)encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事
(4) support n. 支持
support v. 支持 support sb to do sth 支持某人做某事
12、He often says,“Never give up and you’ll be successful.”他常常说:“永不放弃,你就会成功
(1)give up 意为“放弃,投降,认输”,可作不及物动词用。
Eg:I give up, tell me what the answer is .我认输,告诉我答案吧。 (2)give up sth 放弃某事/某物 give up doing sth 放弃做某事 Eg:In fact I’ve given up this idea.事实上我已经放弃了这个想法。 He told me to give up smoking.他建议我戒烟。
(3)Never give up!是祈使句。相当于Don’t give up forever.永不放弃。
(4)引号中的整个句子是并列句。And 前的分句用祈使句表达条件,and后的分句表达结果。常常引用if引导的条件句进行改写。本句可改写为:If you never give up, you will be successful.
语法
定义:冠词是虚词,放在名词前,用来说明名词的含义。冠词不能单独成为句子,只能作为名词修饰的一部分。冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词和零冠词。不定冠词我们在上学期已学过。
(一)不定冠词(a/ an)
1、a、an是不定冠词,仅用在单数可数名词前,表示“一”的意义,但不强调数目的观念。
2、必背:一般情况下a用于辅音音素开头的单词前,an用于元音音素开头的字母前。特例:
a:a useful book, a European country, a one-month holiday
an: an honest boy, an hour, an ugly girl, an eight/ eleven-year-old boy, an 8/11-year-old boy
以-uni开头的单词前常用冠词-a,university, unit 以-un开头的单词常用-an,uncle,unusual
与a连用的字母:B,C,D,G, J, K, P, Q, T, U, V, W, Y, Z
与an连用的字母:A, E, F, H, I, L, M, N, O, R, S, X
(二)定冠词(the)
1、定义:表示特指的人或事物,可与单数或复数可数名词或不可数名词连用。
2、用法:
(1)特指某(些)人或某(些)物。
Eg:The gentleman in brown is Alan’s grandfather.那位身着棕色服装的绅士是艾伦的祖父。
(2)用在说话双方都知道的人或事物前。
Eg:Would you please open the door? It’s a bit hot in the room.你能把们开一下吗?房间里有点热。
(3)用在前文提到过的人或事物。
Eg:I have a new book. The book is about the sea.我有一本新书,是关于大海的。
(4)用在世界上独一无二的事物前。
Eg:the Earth 地球 the sea 大海 the sk y 填空
(5)用在形容词最高级、序数词及only(作形容词)前。
Eg:The Nile is the longest river in the world.尼罗河是世界上最长的河流
Lily is always the first to school.丽丽总是第一个到学校。
(6)用在same,next,last 前。
Eg:The twins look the same.这对双胞胎看上去一模一样。
(7)用在江、河、海洋、海峡、群岛、山系等专有名词前。
Eg:the Yangtze River 长江 the Atlantic大西洋 the South China Sea南海
(8)用在乐器前
Eg:the piano/ violin/ guitar
(9)用在国名的全称和缩写前。
Eg:the PRC中国 the USA 美国 the UK英国
(10)用在一些表示方向、方位、时间、场所的固定词组中。
Eg:on the right/ left 在右/左边 in the east 在东方 in the morning/ afternoon/ evening 在早上/中午/晚上 in the distance 在远方 in the beginning 起初,开始 2
(11)用在radio前,表示广播
Eg:Do you often listen to the radio?你经常听广播吗?
(12)用在姓氏的复数形式前,表示“全家人”
Eg:The Lis usually go to the same place for holiday every year.李家每年通常都去同一 个地方度假。
(二)零冠词(/).
(一)用法:
1、在日期、月份、节日等名词前不加the。
Eg:10 September is Teachers’ Day.九月十号是教师节。
Uncle Tom will visit us in May.汤姆叔叔将于五月份探望我们。
2、复数可数名词和不可数名词前不加the表示泛指。
Eg:Camels are very useful animals in the desert.骆驼是沙漠中十分有用的动物。
Do you often listen to light music?你常听轻音乐吗?
3、学科、语言前不加the。
Eg:My favourite subject at school is Physics.在学校,我最喜欢的学科是物理。
Can you speak English?你会说英语吗?
4、球类、棋类、牌类运动或游戏前不加the。
Eg:A lot of people enjoy playing football/ soccer/basketball/ volleyball/ chess/ bridge/ poker. 很多人都喜欢踢足球、美式足球、篮球、排球、棋、桥牌、扑克。
5、表示“用餐”时,一日三餐前不加the。
Eg:Who did you invite to dinner/ breakfast/ lunch/ supper?你昨天请谁吃饭、早餐、午餐、晚饭了?
for/have dinner/breakfast/lunch/supper (但中间有形容词修饰时,则用不定冠 词,如have a quick breakfast)
6、抽象名词前一般不加the。
Eg:People all over the world love peace.全世界人民都爱和平。
7、television/TV表示“电视节目”时,前不加the。
Eg:My grandmother is watching television in the next room now.我祖母正在隔壁房间看电视。
8、在下列习惯用语和固定短语中,名词前不能加the。
go to school/primary school/ secondary school/ university/ work/ hospital/ church/ bed 上学、上小学、上中学、上大学、上班、去医院(看病)、去教堂(做礼拜)、上 床睡觉
at school/ work/ church/ home在学校、在上班、在教堂、在家
in hospital/bed 住院、卧床;睡觉
at dawn/noon/night/midnight 在黎明、中 午、晚上、半夜
by bus/ bicycle(bike) 坐公共汽车、骑自行车
on foot 步行
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