知识点
重点单词（词性变化）
1. warn (v.) --- warning (n.) 警告
2. think (v.) --- thought (n.) 心思， 思想
3. base (n .) --- basic (adj.) 基本的
4. please (v.)--- pleasant (adj.) 友好的
5. detail (n.) 细节--- detailed (adj.) 详细的
6. act (v.) --- (n.) actor (男)， actress (女)
7. separate (v./adj.) --- separately (adv.) 分别地
8. match (v.) --- matches (三单)
9. pop (v.) --- popping (现在分词)
10. mystery (n.) --- mysteries (复数) 神秘
11. storm (n.) --- stormy (adj.) 暴风雨
12. appear (v.) --- appearance (n.) 外貌 （反义词---disappear(v.)消失
同/近义词
1. match与 …相配= go with/ go… together
2. basic 基本的= simple and important
3. pleasant 友好，文雅= friendly and polite
4. separately 单独地= not together
5. appear 显得， 看来= seem/ look
6. actor 演员= a person who performs in a film
7. rough 粗燥的 = not smooth
8. make it 获得成功 = be successful / succeed in doing
9. decide on 决定，选定= make a decision on
10. stage 步， 步骤= step
11. thought 心思，思想= idea
12. symbol 符号= sign
13. actually 事实上= in fact/ as a matter of fact
14. watch out (for) 小心= look out （for）/ be careful (of)
重点短语
1. 如何制作卡通片 how to make cartoons
2. 在杂志上 in a magazine
3. 决定，选定 decide on
4. 在地铁站 at the underground station
5. 忘记做某事 forget to do sth.
6. 思考， 考虑 think about/ of
7. 看上去像 look like
8. 用…做某事 use sth. to do sth.
9. 似乎做某事 appear to do
10. 应该被制作成 should be made into
11. 被用来做… be used to do…
12. 必须分别加起来 must be added separately
13. 准备做某事 be ready to do.
14. 与…不同 be different from
15. 配音 do one’s voice
16. 张大；睁大；瞪起 pop out
17. 连环漫画 comic strip
18. 摄像机 video camera
19. 同…比赛 play against
20. 天气预报 weather forecast
21. 救生衣 life jacket
22. 谢天谢地 thank goodness
23. 获得成功 make it
24. 也，又，还 as well as
25. 嘲笑 laugh at
26. 以…结束 end with
27. 如此…以至于… so… that
重点词汇
1.appear+(to be )+adj. 显得
She appears (to be) happy at the news. 她听到这个消息时显得很开心。
Appear +to do sth 好像
You appear to travel quite a lot. 你好像走过很多地方。
2. a bit of = a little 一点
3.be ready to do sth. 准备好做某事
be/get ready for sth. 为某事做准备
4.the same as 和„„一样
be different from 和„„不同
5.look,sound,taste,smell,feel 连系动词后接形容词作表语。
6 .in trouble 在困境中
have trouble with sb./sth. 某人/某物有毛病
get into trouble 惹上麻烦
have trouble in doing sth. 做某事有麻烦
take the trouble to do sth. 费力做某事
7.succeed in doing 做成某事
8.laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人
9.tell sb. sth. 告诉某人某事
tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人做某事
10.be used to do 被用来做
used to do 过去常常做
be used to doing 习惯于做
知识点讲解与拓展：
1. character：n. 人物、角色
Yue Fei is a great historical character.
2. think of 考虑、思考
I’m thinking of going to Paris for vacation.
拓展：think of：想起、记起 I can’t think of his name.
think of：对„„有某种看法，常用于“What do you think of„”句型中 What do you think of the book？
3. add„ to„& add to
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add„ to„
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把„„加到„„上
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Please add some salt to the water.
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add to
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添加，增添（欢乐、困难等抽象名词）
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Do you have anything to add to the list?
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4. record v. 录音
I’ve recorded the whole concert.
拓展：record n. 记录 set the record创造记录 break the record打破记录 hold the record保持记录
5. decide on 决定、选定 What made you decide on Plan A?
6. basic adj. 基础的，基本的
拓展：base— basis (n.)基础— basic (adj.)基本的— basically (adv,)基本上
7. Here it is.
以here和there开头的句子，若后面的主语为人称代词，主谓不倒装；若后面的主语为名词，主谓倒装。
Here you are. 给你。
Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。
8. forget v. 忘记
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forget to do
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忘记要做某事（动作没发生）
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I forget to turn off the light.
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forget doing
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忘记做过某事（动作已发生）
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I forget opening the door.
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9. look like 看上去像
Tom looks like his father.
拓展：提问长相： What do/ dose sb. look like?
提问性格： What is sb. like?
10. appear v. 显得，看来，似乎
A woman suddenly appeared in the doorway.
拓展：appear （to be）+ adj./ n. She appears (to be) happy at the news.
appear to do sth. You appear to travel quite a lot.
11. a little & a bit
1) 两者都可以作副词用，用来修饰形容词（原级或比较级），或动词。
I’m a little/ bit hungry.
2) 用作形容词做定语时，a little修饰不可数名词，而a bit后面加of再加不可数名词。
There’s a little water.= There’s a bit of water.
12. be ready to do sth. 已完成某事，准备好做某事
The contract will be ready to sign in two weeks.
拓展：be/ get ready for sth. 为„„做好准备 Are you ready for your teast?
13. as well as 并且，还。
用来连接并列成分。连接并列主语时，谓语动词与前一主语保持一致。
She is clever as well as beautiful.
14. how to do 疑问词+ to do
I don’t know how to do it.
拓展：what to do做什么 where to go去哪里 why to do为什么做
15. Don’t+ 动词原形.
否定祈使句，意为“不要„„，禁止„„” Don’t play jokes on me, will you?
16. the same as„ 和„„一样
The twins look the same as each other.
拓展：be different from 与„„不同 London was different from most European capitals.
17. look 连系动词，意为“看起来，看上去”，厚街形容词作表语。
Alice looks happy today.
拓展：连系动词还有：:be(是), look(看起来), feel(摸上去), seem(似乎是), appear(似乎、显得), prove(证明是), smell(闻起来), taste(尝起来), sound(听起来)等
18. Let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
在let引导的祈使句中，sb可以是名词，也可以说代词的宾格。 Let him go.
let是使役动词，常用的使役动词还有：make，have，leave等。 They made me repeat the story.
19. a pair of+ 不可数名词/ 可数名词的复数 a pair of shoes
20. look out= pay attention to 当心、注意
Look out！There is a car coming！
拓展：look out of„ 向外看„„
She stopped writing and looked out of the window.
21. pick up 捡起，拾起
She pick up a flower on the road.
拓展：pick up sth. 捡起某物，当sth.是人称代词的宾格时，放在pick之后，如：pick it up。当sth.是名词时，可以放在pick up中间或up之后，如：pick the pen up= pick up the pen。
22. in trouble 在困境中
He’s in trouble, let’s help him.
拓展：与trouble相关的短语：get into trouble惹上麻烦 have trouble（in）doing sth.做某事有困难
23. success n. 成功
I wish you success with your studies.
拓展：succeed v. 成功。succeed in doing sth.
successful adj. 成功的。 His business is successful.
24. tell sb sth. 告诉某人某事
He told me the reason.
tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事
The teacher told him to clean the classroom.
tell sb. not to do sth. 告诉某人不做某事
He told us not to buy clothes in this store.
25. laugh at 嘲笑
Don’t laugh at him, please.
语法——被动语态（2）
一. 概念：表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语态。
二. 主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换
We Visited that factory last summer ®主动语态
主语 谓语 宾语 状语
That factory was visited by us last summer ®被动语态
主语 谓语 宾语 状语
三. 各种不同时态的主动语态与被动语态的对比
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时态
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主动语态
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被动语态
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一般现在时 am / is / are + P.P.
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（1）Do they speak French ?
（2）They don’t use the room .
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Is French spoken by them ?
The room isn’t used by them .
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一般过去时 was / were + p.p.
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（1）The hunter killed a tiger . （2）He wrote many stories last year .
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A tiger was killed by the hunter .
Many stories was written by him last year .
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现在进行时 am / is / are +being +p.p.
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（1）These workers are building a new bridge .
（2）He is mending his car .
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A new bridge is being built by these workers .
His car is being mended by him .
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过去进行时 was / were + being + p.p.
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（1）He was selling books .
（2）They were discussing the plan at that time .
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Books were being built by him .
The plan was being discussed by them at that time .
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现在完成时 have / has + been + p. p.
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（1）She has learned many English words .
（2）He has finished the work .
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Many English words have been learned by her .
The work has been finished by him .
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过去完成时 had + been + p.p.
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（1）They has solved the problem .
（2）We had told him the news by then .
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The problem had been solved by them .
The news had been told to him by us .
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一般将来时 shall / will be + p.p.
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（1）I shall make a plan .
（2）They are going to fix the radio in an hour .
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A plan will be made by me .
The radio is going to be fixed by them in an hour .
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过去将来时 would be + p.p. was/ were going to be + p.p.
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（1）He told me they would paint the room .
（2）They were going to put on a play the next week .
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He told me the room would be painted by them .
A play was going to be put by them the next week .
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情态动词 can / may / must / should + be + p.p.
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（1）We should hand in our homework .
（2）You must answer the question in English .
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Our homework should be handed in by us .
The question must be answered in English by you .
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四. 如何正确使用被动语态
1. 有些动词带有两个宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语，变被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变成主语，另一个留在被动结构谓语后面。需要注意的是：若把直接宾语变成被动语态的主语，需要在间接宾语之间加上介词“to”。
eg. He often tells us interesting stories . （主动语态）
We are often told interesting stories by him. （被动语态）
Interesting stories sre often told to us by him. （被动语态）
▲常带双宾语的词有：tell , show , lend , pass等。
2. 在主动语态中，某些动词之后带有复合宾语，即宾语和宾语补足语，这个复合宾语由动词不定式来充当，to被省略，但在被动语态中，这个to还要还原。
eg. I often hear her sing this popular song . （主动语态）
She is often heard to sing this popular song .（被动语态）
▲ 有这种用法的常用动词有：make , let , see , hear , watch , feel , notice等。
3. 有些“be +过去分词”的结构并不是被动语态，它们可能是“系表结构（即系动词之后由过去分词来充当表语）。”
4. 只有及物动词和可有宾语的动词+介词词组才可以有被动语态。
五、不能用被动语态的情况
1. 不及物动词不能用于被动语态，如：appear，rise，die，happen，break out，take place等
2. 表状态动词不能用于被动语态，如：hold，have，cost，contain，become，look like等
3. 某些动词的进行时可表示被动，如：The meat is cooking. 肉正在煮着。
4. 主动形式表示被动意义。
1) 某些感官动词和系动词接形容词可以表示被动意义，如：look，smell，taste，feel，prove，wear，sound等。 eg：Her bedroom looks very clean and tidy.
2) 动名词的主动形式表被动语态，如：want，deserve，need，require，take，worth等。
The book is worth reading. 这本书值得读。
The children need looking after. 孩子们需要照顾。
3) 某些做表语的形容词后，用不定式主动形式表被动意义。
The conversation is hard to understand. 这个对话很难理解。
The fish is not easy to fish. 鱼不容易上钩。
The passage is difficult to read. 这段文章很难读懂。
